🔬
Nature Communications · 2026
Data-driven Inverse Design of Multifunctional Bicontinuous Multiscale Structures
🧩
CMAME · 2025
Constructing Boundary-identical Microstructures by Guided Diffusion for Fast Multiscale Designs
🔷
Advanced Science · 2024
Near-isotropic, Extreme-stiffness, Continuous 3D Mechanical Metamaterial Sequences Using Implicit Neural Representation
🦴
CMAME · 2024
Porous Structure Optimization via Non-uniform Thermal Diffusion
🐚
CAD · 2024
Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Multi-patch Shell Structures
🔧
CMAME · 2023
Topology Optimization of Differentiable Microstructures
💻
SMO · 2023
An Optimized, Easy-to-use, Open-source GPU Solver for Large-scale Inverse Homogenization Problems
⚙️
Computer Graphics Forum · 2022
Large-Scale Worst-Case Topology Optimization
🔬
Nature Communications · 2026
Data-driven Inverse Design of Multifunctional Bicontinuous Multiscale Structures
🧩
CMAME · 2025
Constructing Boundary-identical Microstructures by Guided Diffusion for Fast Multiscale Designs
🔷
Advanced Science · 2024
Near-isotropic, Extreme-stiffness, Continuous 3D Mechanical Metamaterial Sequences Using Implicit Neural Representation
🦴
CMAME · 2024
Porous Structure Optimization via Non-uniform Thermal Diffusion
🐚
CAD · 2024
Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Multi-patch Shell Structures
🔧
CMAME · 2023
Topology Optimization of Differentiable Microstructures
💻
SMO · 2023
An Optimized, Easy-to-use, Open-source GPU Solver for Large-scale Inverse Homogenization Problems
⚙️
Computer Graphics Forum · 2022
Large-Scale Worst-Case Topology Optimization

2026

Bicontinuous Multiscale
46. Designing 3D Thermal Metamaterials at Gigavoxel Resolution on a Single Computer via Hybrid CPU-GPU Architectures
Tianjie Chen, Yuchen Quan, Xiao-Ming Fu, Ligang Liu, Xiaoya Zhai*
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2026
Paper
Bicontinuous Multiscale
45. Designing Anisotropic Mechanical Metamaterials and Metastructures: A Review
Zhongkai Ji, Dawei Li*, Xiaoya Zhai, Jie Gao, Yunlong Tang, Ning Dai, Wenhe Liao, Yong Zhao*, Yi Min Xie*
Thin-Walled Structures, 2026
Paper
Bicontinuous Multiscale
44. Guided Diffusion for Fast Inverse Design of Voxel-based Mechanical Metamaterials
Yanyan Yang, Lili Wang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Kai Chen, Wenming Wu, Yunkai Zhao, Falai Chen, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu*
Smart Materials in Manufacturing, 2026
Paper
Bicontinuous Multiscale
43. OpenTM: An Open-source, Single-GPU, Large-scale Thermal Microstructure Design Framework
Yuchen Quan, Xiaoya Zhai*, Xiao-Ming Fu
Smart Materials in Manufacturing, 2026
Paper
Bicontinuous Multiscale
42. Data-driven Inverse Design of Multifunctional Bicontinuous Multiscale Structures
Lili Wang, Jingxuan Feng, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jiacheng Han, Kai Chen, Winston Wai Shing Ma, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu
Nature Communications, 2026
Project Paper
Hydrodynamic Metamaterials
41. High-Efficiency Design of 3D Hydrodynamic Metamaterials with Tailored Permeability
Qingyu Xu, Xiao-Ming Fu, Ligang Liu, Xiaoya Zhai*
Computers and Structures, 2026
Paper

2025

Wood Carving Art
40. Computational multi-layered wood carving art
Haochen Liu, Zhi Li, Kang Wu*, Youcheng Cai, Xiaoya Zhai, Ketian Zhang, Ligang Liu, Yi Min Xie, Xiao-Ming Fu
Computers & Graphics, 2025
Paper
Concrete Casting
39. Process simulation-informed topology optimization for formwork-based concrete casting
Wei Tong, Xiaoya Zhai, Yiwei Weng*, Jun Wu
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2025
Paper
Density to CAD
38. From Density to CAD: Automatic and Robust CAD Model Generation of Topology Optimization Results via Sparse Optimization
Zepeng Wen, Xiaoya Zhai, Hongmei Kang
Advances in Engineering Software, 2025
Paper
Self-Supporting Structures
37. Efficient Worst-Case Topology Optimization of Self-Supporting Structures for Additive Manufacturing
Nan Zheng, Xiaoya Zhai*, Falai Chen
Computer Aided Geometric Design, 2025
Paper Code
Thermal Microstructures
36. Topology Optimization of Compatible Thermal Microstructures
Tianjie Chen, Xiaoya Zhai*, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2025
Project Paper Code
INPR Connector
35. INPR-Connector: Interlocking Negative Poisson's Ratio Connectors Design for Deployable Energy Absorption Structures
Wenpeng Xu, Mengyu Zhang, Hao Xu, Menglin Yu, Liuchao Jin*, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jingchao Jiang
Composites Part B: Engineering, 2025
Paper
Guided Diffusion Microstructures
34. Constructing Boundary-identical Microstructures by Guided Diffusion for Fast Multiscale Designs
Jingxuan Feng+, Lili Wang+, Xiaoya Zhai*, Kai Chen, Wenming Wu, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu*
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2025
Paper
Metamaterial Intelligent Design
33. 超材料的智能设计研究进展
代铁琳, 金刘超, 尚宸, 翟晓雅*, 傅孝明, 刘利刚
计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2025
Paper
Soft Robots Review
32. Finite element analysis, machine learning, and digital twins for soft robots: state-of-arts and perspectives
Liuchao Jin, Xiaoya Zhai, Wenbo Xue, Jingchao Jiang, Kang Zhang, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Smart Materials and Structures, 2025
Paper

2024

Near-isotropic Metamaterials
31. Near-isotropic, Extreme-stiffness, Continuous 3D Mechanical Metamaterial Sequences Using Implicit Neural Representation
Yunkai Zhao+, Lili Wang+, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jiacheng Han, Winston Wai Shing Ma, Junhao Ding, Yonggang Gu, Xiao-Ming Fu
Advanced Science, 2024
Paper
Disk B-splines Metamaterials
30. Shape Optimization of Tunable Poisson's Ratio Metamaterials with Disk B-splines
Yihui Ye, Nan Zheng, Xiaoya Zhai*, Hongmei Kang, Falai Chen
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2024
Paper
PHT-splines Shell
29. Adaptive Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Shell Structures based on PHT-splines
Zepeng Wen, Qiong Pan, Xiaoya Zhai*, Hongmei Kang*, Falai Chen
Computers & Structures, 2024
Paper
Sequential Metamaterials
28. Inverse-designed 3D Sequential Metamaterials Achieving Extreme Stiffness
Jiacheng Han, Xiaoya Zhai*, Lili Wang, Di Zhang, Junhao Ding, Winston Wai Shing Ma, Xu Song, Wei-Hsin Liao, Ligang Liu, Jun Wu, Xiao-Ming Fu
Materials & Design, 2024
Paper
Functionally Graded Materials
27. Tailored Functionally Graded Materials Design and Concurrent Topology Optimization with Implicit Fields
Lingfeng Li, Qiong Pan, Xiaoya Zhai*, Falai Chen
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2024
Paper
Concurrent Topology Optimization
26. Concurrent Topology Optimization of Multiscale Composites with Differentiable Microstructure
Jie Gao, Zepeng Wen, Xiaoya Zhai*, Falai Chen, Hongmei Kang
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2024
Paper
IGA Shell Topology
25. Density-based isogeometric topology optimization of shell structures
Qiong Pan, Xiaoya Zhai*, Falai Chen
Computer-Aided Design, 2024
Paper
Anisotropic Thermal Diffusion
24. Differentiable Microstructures Design via Anisotropic Thermal Diffusion
Qi Wang, Qing Fang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu
Computers & Graphics, 2024  /  Shape Modeling International (SMI), 2024
Paper
Self-supporting B-spline
23. Topology Optimization of Self-supporting Structures for Additive Manufacturing via Implicit B-spline Representations
Nan Zheng, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jingchao Jiang, Falai Chen
Computer-Aided Design, 2024  /  Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling (SPM), 2024
Paper Code Slides
Porous Thermal Diffusion
22. Porous Structure Optimization via Non-uniform Thermal Diffusion
Hang Dong, Di Zhang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jian-Nan Xiao, Xiao-Ming Fu
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2024
Paper Model
Multi-patch Shell
21. Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Multi-patch Shell Structures
Qiong Pan, Xiaoya Zhai*, Hongmei Kang, Xiaoxiao Du, Falai Chen
Computer-Aided Design, 2024  /  Symposium on Solid and Physical Modeling (SPM), 2024
Paper Code Slides
4D Printed ML
20. Machine learning-driven forward prediction and inverse design for 4D printed hierarchical architecture with arbitrary shapes
Liuchao Jin, Jianxiang Cheng, Haitao Ye, Xiaoya Zhai, Jingchao Jiang, Kang Zhang, Mahdi Bodaghi, Shouyi Yu, Qi Ge*, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Applied Materials Today, 2024
Paper
Interlaced Printing
19. Nature-inspired interlaced printing strategies for additive manufacturing highly improved mechanical properties
Wenpeng Xu+, Hao Xu+, Xiaoya Zhai, Jingchao Jiang*
Additive Manufacturing, 2024
Paper
Digital Twin AM Review
18. Big Data, Machine Learning, and Digital Twin Assisted Additive Manufacturing: A Review
Liuchao Jin, Xiaoya Zhai, Kang Wang, Kang Zhang, Dazhong Wu, Aamer Nazir, Jingchao Jiang*, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Materials & Design, 2024
Paper
LMPA Extrusion AM
17. Unlocking the Potential of Low-Melting-Point Alloys Integrated Extrusion Additive Manufacturing: Insights into Mechanical Behavior, Energy Absorption, and Electrical Conductivity
Liuchao Jin, Xiaoya Zhai, Kang Zhang, Jingchao Jiang*
Progress in Additive Manufacturing, 2024
Paper
LMPA Soft Robots
16. 3D printing low-melting-point alloys integrated soft robots
Liuchao Jin, Xiaoya Zhai, Kang Zhang, Jingchao Jiang, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing, 2024
Paper
Self-healing Auxetic Foam
15. High energy dissipation and self-healing auxetic foam by integrating shear thickening gel
Kang Zhang+, Qiang Gao+, Jingchao Jiang, Meishan Chan, Xiaoya Zhai, Liuchao Jin, Jiangfan Zhang, Jifan Li*, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Composites Science and Technology, 2024
Paper

2023

Voxel Path Planning
14. Voxel-based variable width continuous spiral path planning for 3D printing
Wenpeng Xu, Qiuge Li, Hao Xu, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jingchao Jiang*
Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2023
Paper Code
Differentiable Microstructures
13. Topology Optimization of Differentiable Microstructures
Xiaoya Zhai, Weiming Wang, Falai Chen, Jun Wu*
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2023
Project Paper
GPU Inverse Homogenization
12. An Optimized, Easy-to-use, Open-source GPU Solver for Large-scale Inverse Homogenization Problems
Di Zhang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2023
Project Paper Code
LMPA Additive Manufacturing
11. Low-melting-point alloys integrated extrusion additive manufacturing
Jingchao Jiang+, Xiaoya Zhai+, Kang Zhang+, Liuchao Jin, Qitao Lu, Zhichao Shen, Wei-Hsin Liao*  (+Equal contribution)
Additive Manufacturing, 2023
Project Paper
TPMS Self-supporting
10. Topology Optimization of Self-supporting Porous Structures Based on Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces
Nan Zheng, Xiaoya Zhai*, Falai Chen
Computer-Aided Design, 2023
Paper
IGA Auxetic MMC
9. Isogeometric topology optimization of auxetic materials based on moving morphable components method
Xiaoya Zhai, Yundong Gai*, Liuchao Jin, Wei-Hsin Liao*, Falai Chen, Ping Hu
Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2023
Paper Code
Reversed AM LMPA
8. Design for Reversed Additive Manufacturing Low-Melting-Point Alloys
Jingchao Jiang, Xiaoya Zhai, Liuchao Jin, Kang Zhang, Jun Chen, Qitao Lu, Wei-Hsin Liao*
Journal of Engineering Design, 2023
Paper

2022

AM Survey
7. A survey of additive manufacturing reviews
Xiaoya Zhai, Liuchao Jin, Jingchao Jiang*
Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing, 2022
Paper
Worst-case Topology
6. Large-Scale Worst-Case Topology Optimization
Di Zhang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Xiao-Ming Fu, Heming Wang, Ligang Liu
Computer Graphics Forum (Pacific Graphics), 2022
Paper Slides
IGA Stress Topology
5. Alternating Optimization Method for Isogeometric Topology Optimization with Stress Constraints
Xiaoya Zhai*
Journal of Computational Mathematics, 2022
Paper

Earlier

Stress-constrained Topology
4. Alternating Optimization of Design and Stress for Stress-Constrained Topology Optimization
Xiaoya Zhai, Falai Chen, Jun Wu*
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, 2021
Paper
Wind Turbine Wake
3. Dynamic Wind Turbine Wake Reconstruction: A Koopman-linear Flow Estimator
Zhenyu Chen, Zhongwei Lin*, Xiaoya Zhai
Energy, 2021
Paper
Porous Path Planning
2. Path Planning of A Type of Porous Structures for Additive Manufacturing
Xiaoya Zhai, Falai Chen*
Computer-Aided Design, 2019
Paper
Fractal 3D Printing
1. 3D Printing Path Planning of Fractal Models
Xiaoya Zhai, Falai Chen*
Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics, 2018
Paper