Research Areas

Intelligent Design

Topology optimization, data-driven methods, and generative AI for structure and microstructure design.

Topology Optimization AI-driven Design Microstructure

Intelligent Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing constraints, path planning, and LMPA composite fabrication for manufacturing-oriented design.

Additive Manufacturing Path Planning LMPA

Embodied Intelligence

Soft robots and mechanical metamaterials with programmable responses for structural intelligence and self-actuated systems.

Soft Robots Structural Intelligence

Isogeometric Analysis

CAD-integrated finite element framework for exact-geometry shell topology optimization and high-fidelity simulation.

Isogeometric Analysis Shell Optimization

Research Highlights

GPU Solver
SMO · 2023

An Optimized, Easy-to-use, Open-source GPU Solver for Large-scale Inverse Homogenization Problems

Di Zhang, Xiaoya Zhai*, Ligang Liu, Xiao-Ming Fu

We propose a high-performance GPU solver for inverse homogenization problems to design high-resolution 3D microstructures. Practical examples with 512³ ≈ 134.2 million finite elements run in less than 40 seconds per iteration on an NVIDIA GTX 1080Ti, with an easy-to-use framework requiring fewer than 20 lines of user code.

GPU Solver Inverse Homogenization Multi-scale
Differentiable Microstructures
CMAME / M&D · 2024

Topology Optimization of Differentiable Microstructures

2D: Xiaoya Zhai, Weiming Wang, Falai Chen, Jun Wu*  |  3D: Jiacheng Han, Xiaoya Zhai*, Lili Wang, et al.

Several 2D/3D differentiable microstructures with bulk modulus close to the Hashin-Shtrikman upper bound are proposed for the first time. Discontinuities are avoided via a novel heat-equation-based regularization, enabling continuously parameterized microstructure families across the full density range.

Differentiable Microstructures Homogenization Topology Optimization
LMPA Additive Manufacturing
Additive Mfg · 2023

Low-melting-point Alloys Integrated Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

Jingchao Jiang+, Xiaoya Zhai+, Kang Zhang+, et al., Wei-Hsin Liao* (equal contribution)

A novel dual-nozzle extrusion strategy successfully fabricates complex low-melting-point alloy (LMPA) components for the first time, enabling composite parts with improved mechanical properties and integrated circuit manufacturing for smart structures, electromagnetic shielding, and energy harvesting.

LMPA Additive Manufacturing Smart Structures
Near-isotropic Metamaterials
Advanced Science · 2024

Near-isotropic, Extreme-stiffness, Continuous 3D Mechanical Metamaterial Sequences Using Implicit Neural Representation

Yunkai Zhao+, Lili Wang+, Xiaoya Zhai*, Jiacheng Han, et al.

Three near-isotropic, extreme-stiffness, continuous 3D metamaterial sequences are proposed by combining topology optimization and data-driven design, achieving over 98% of the Hashin-Shtrikman upper bounds across densities from 0.2 to 1. Sequences are represented as implicit neural functions for resolution-free continuous density variation.

Mechanical Metamaterials Neural Representation Extreme Stiffness