/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --primary-color: #2563eb;
    --primary-dark: #1e40af;
    --secondary-color: #7c3aed;
    --accent-color: #0891b2;
    --text-dark: #111827;
    --text-light: #6b7280;
    --bg-light: #f9fafb;
    --bg-dark: #111827;
    --border-color: #e5e7eb;
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    font-size: 19px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background-color: #f0f2f5;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}


/* ── Page Body ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.page-body {
    max-width: 1200px;
    width: calc(100% - 48px);
    margin: 24px auto 48px;
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    padding: 48px 56px;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 366px);
}

/* for pages without the image scroll banner */
.page-body-standalone {
    margin-top: 90px;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 208px);
}

/* ── Sub-page Header ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
.page-title-bar {
    margin: -48px -56px 44px;
    padding: 52px 56px 48px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse 55% 80% at 0% 50%,   rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.40) 0%, transparent 65%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 45% 65% at 100% 15%, rgba(167, 139, 250, 0.35) 0%, transparent 65%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 40% 55% at 55% 100%, rgba(139, 92,  246, 0.28) 0%, transparent 60%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 30% 45% at 80% 80%,  rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.22) 0%, transparent 60%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 25% 40% at 25% 10%,  rgba(192, 132, 252, 0.20) 0%, transparent 55%),
        #eeecff;
    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ede9fe;
}

.page-title-eyebrow {
    display: block;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.18em;
    color: #6366f1;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.page-title-bar h1 {
    font-size: 44px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1e1b4b;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.page-title-bar p {
    font-size: 19px;
    color: #64748b;
    max-width: 500px;
    line-height: 1.75;
    margin: 0;
}

/* ── Team Grid ───────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.team-section-label {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    display: block;
}

.team-section-title {
    font-size: 25px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
}

.team-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.team-card {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 28px 18px 24px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    border-radius: 14px;
    transition: box-shadow 0.35s ease, transform 0.35s ease, border-color 0.35s ease;
    background: #fafafa;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.team-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.10), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    background: #f0f0f0;
}

.team-avatar {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-top: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea, #764ba2);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 30px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    box-shadow: 2px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.team-avatar img {
    width: 88px;
    height: 88px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.team-card h4 {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.team-card .team-role {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.team-card .team-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    font-size: 16px;
}

.team-card .team-links a {
    color: var(--text-light);
    transition: color 0.15s;
}

.team-card .team-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* ── Faculty Two-column Card ─────────────────────────────────── */
.faculty-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 260px 1fr;
    align-items: stretch;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.faculty-left {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 32px 24px;
    background: #f8f9fb;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.faculty-left .team-avatar {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    font-size: 50px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    box-shadow: 2px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.faculty-left .team-avatar img {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.faculty-left h4 {
    font-size: 19px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.faculty-dept {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.faculty-right {
    padding: 32px 36px;
}

.faculty-bio {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.75;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.faculty-info-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
}

.faculty-info-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2px;
}

.faculty-info-label {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.faculty-info-label i {
    margin-right: 4px;
}

.faculty-info-value {
    font-size: 15.5px;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
    .faculty-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

.alumni-list {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.alumni-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 12px;
    font-size: 16px;
    padding: 6px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--border-color);
}

.alumni-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.alumni-name {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    min-width: 140px;
}

.alumni-meta {
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 24px;
}

/* ── Zoom controls ── */
.zoom-controls {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 84px;
    right: 32px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 6px;
    z-index: 998;
}
.zoom-btn {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #fff;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.13);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-light);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s, box-shadow 0.15s, transform 0.15s;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}
.zoom-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(37,99,235,0.35);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.zoom-btn:disabled {
    opacity: 0.3;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 16px 0;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.navbar.scrolled {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.navbar .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.nav-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.nav-brand i {
    font-size: 28px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 32px;
}

.nav-menu a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 19px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.nav-menu a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -4px;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-menu a:hover,
.nav-menu a.active {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-menu a:hover::after,
.nav-menu a.active::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    font-size: 26px;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 120px 0 80px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-background {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    z-index: -1;
}

.gradient-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 50%, rgba(120, 119, 198, 0.3), transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(255, 135, 175, 0.3), transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 40% 20%, rgba(99, 179, 237, 0.3), transparent 50%);
    animation: gradient-shift 15s ease infinite;
}

@keyframes gradient-shift {
    0%, 100% {
        opacity: 1;
    }
    50% {
        opacity: 0.7;
    }
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: 66px;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #fff;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    letter-spacing: -1px;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.hero .tagline {
    font-size: 24px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.keywords {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 12px;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.chip {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-radius: 24px;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #fff;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.chip:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.chip-primary {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.chip-primary:hover {
    background-color: #fff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    justify-content: center;
}

.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 14px 32px;
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: #fff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    color: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #fff;
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.scroll-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 40px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    animation: bounce 2s infinite;
}

.scroll-indicator i {
    font-size: 34px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

@keyframes bounce {
    0%, 20%, 50%, 80%, 100% {
        transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
    }
    40% {
        transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);
    }
    60% {
        transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-5px);
    }
}

/* Fade in animations */
.fade-in {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease forwards;
    opacity: 0;
}

.fade-in-delay {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.2s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
}

.fade-in-delay-2 {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.4s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
}

.fade-in-delay-3 {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease 0.6s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Sections */
.section {
    padding: 100px 0;
}

.section-light {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

.section-dark {
    background-color: var(--bg-dark);
    color: #fff;
}

.section-accent {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5f7fa 0%, #e8eef5 100%);
}

.section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.section-label {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 6px 16px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.section h2 {
    font-size: 44px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
}

.section-dark h2 {
    color: #fff;
}

/* BioSketch Section */
.biosketch-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
    align-items: center;
}

.biosketch-image .image-placeholder {
    width: 300px;
    height: 300px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.biosketch-image i {
    font-size: 122px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

.biosketch-content h3 {
    font-size: 30px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.biosketch-content .lead {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.biosketch-content p {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.stats-row {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
    margin-top: 32px;
}

.stat-item {
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 38px;
    font-weight: 700;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

/* Research Cards */
.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
}

.research-card {
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 40px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.card-hover:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.card-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.card-icon i {
    font-size: 30px;
    color: #fff;
}

.research-card h3 {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.research-card p {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.card-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.tag {
    padding: 4px 12px;
    background-color: #dbeafe;
    color: #2563eb;
    font-size: 14px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}

.vision-tag {
    background-color: #2563eb;
    color: #fff;
}

.vision-tag.tag-active {
    background-color: #f97316;
    color: #fff;
}

#vision-img {
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.card-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 16px;
    transition: gap 0.3s ease;
}

.card-link:hover {
    gap: 12px;
}

/* Publications */
.publications-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.publication-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: stretch;
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: #c7d2fe;
}

.pub-thumb {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 180px;
    background: #f0f2f5;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-thumb img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.38s ease;
}

.publication-item:hover .pub-thumb img {
    transform: scale(1.06);
}

.pub-thumb-grad {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 140px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 36px;
}

.pub-body {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    padding: 26px 28px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.publication-title {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.publication-authors {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.publication-venue {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.publication-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
}

.publication-link {
    padding: 6px 16px;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 500;
    border-radius: 6px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.publication-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
}

/* Open Source */
.opensource-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
}

.opensource-card {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 32px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.opensource-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
}

.opensource-header i {
    font-size: 34px;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.opensource-stats {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.opensource-stats i {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: #f59e0b;
}

.opensource-card h3 {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.opensource-card p {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.opensource-card-img {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 220px;
}

.opensource-card-img img {
    width: 220px;
    height: 160px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: block;
}

/* Teaching */
.teaching-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr));
    gap: 32px;
}

.teaching-card {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 32px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.teaching-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.teaching-semester {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 4px 12px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.teaching-card h3 {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.teaching-card p {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.teaching-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 24px;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.teaching-meta span {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
}

/* News */
.news-grid {
    display: grid;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.news-item {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 24px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.news-item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.news-item-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.news-date {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.news-content h3 {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.news-content p {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-info h2 {
    font-size: 38px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.contact-info > p {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.contact-methods {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    align-items: start;
}

.contact-item i {
    font-size: 26px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-top: 4px;
}

.contact-item strong {
    display: block;
    font-size: 18px;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.contact-item p {
    font-size: 17px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    margin: 0;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
}

.social-links a {
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.social-links a:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.contact-form input,
.contact-form textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 8px;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 17px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.contact-form input::placeholder,
.contact-form textarea::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.contact-form input:focus,
.contact-form textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
}

.contact-form button {
    width: 100%;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: #f9fafb;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 6px 0;
    text-align: center;
}

.footer-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 4px 0;
    gap: 24px;
}

.footer-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.footer-brand i {
    font-size: 20px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.footer p {
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.footer-left { text-align: left; }

.footer-globe-section {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
}

/* Atmosphere wrapper */
.footer-globe-wrap {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
    width: 78px; height: 78px;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
}
.footer-globe-wrap::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; inset: 0; border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle,
        transparent 40%,
        rgba(165,243,252,0.20) 44%,
        rgba(6,182,212,0.09)   52%,
        transparent 60%
    );
    animation: atm-pulse 3.6s ease-in-out infinite;
    pointer-events: none;
}
@keyframes atm-pulse {
    0%,100% { opacity: 0.7; transform: scale(1);    }
    50%      { opacity: 1;   transform: scale(1.04); }
}

/* Globe sphere — cyan/teal ocean */
.footer-globe {
    width: 64px; height: 64px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 36% 30%,
        #ecfeff  0%,
        #a5f3fc  8%,
        #06b6d4 28%,
        #0891b2 52%,
        #164e63 76%,
        #083344 100%
    );
    box-shadow:
        inset -9px -7px 18px rgba(0,0,10,0.55),
        inset  4px  4px 10px rgba(255,255,255,0.13),
        0 0 0 2px rgba(165,243,252,0.18),
        0 0 22px rgba(6,182,212,0.55);
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
}

/* Scrolling continent layer — 300% wide, 7 shapes × 3 copies */
.fg-land {
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0;
    width: 300%; height: 100%;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse  9% 28% at  4.5% 38%, rgba(34,197,94,.85) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  7% 20% at  8.0% 63%, rgba(22,163,74, .80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6% 11% at 16.0% 30%, rgba(74,222,128,.78) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  8% 22% at 20.0% 53%, rgba(34,197,94,.80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 22% 20% at 26.5% 34%, rgba(34,197,94,.75) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  4%  6% at 29.5% 57%, rgba(74,222,128,.65) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6%  8% at 32.0% 67%, rgba(101,163,13,.65) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  9% 28% at 37.8% 38%, rgba(34,197,94,.85) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  7% 20% at 41.3% 63%, rgba(22,163,74, .80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6% 11% at 49.3% 30%, rgba(74,222,128,.78) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  8% 22% at 53.3% 53%, rgba(34,197,94,.80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 22% 20% at 59.8% 34%, rgba(34,197,94,.75) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  4%  6% at 62.8% 57%, rgba(74,222,128,.65) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6%  8% at 65.3% 67%, rgba(101,163,13,.65) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  9% 28% at 71.2% 38%, rgba(34,197,94,.85) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  7% 20% at 74.7% 63%, rgba(22,163,74, .80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6% 11% at 82.7% 30%, rgba(74,222,128,.78) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  8% 22% at 86.7% 53%, rgba(34,197,94,.80) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 22% 20% at 93.2% 34%, rgba(34,197,94,.75) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  4%  6% at 96.2% 57%, rgba(74,222,128,.65) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse  6%  8% at 98.7% 67%, rgba(101,163,13,.65) 0%,transparent 100%);
    animation: globe-scroll 14s linear infinite;
    z-index: 1;
}
@keyframes globe-scroll {
    from { transform: translateX(0);       }
    to   { transform: translateX(-33.33%); }
}

/* Latitude grid */
.fg-grid {
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(
        to bottom,
        transparent 0px, transparent 11px,
        rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 11px, rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 12px
    );
    border-radius: 50%; z-index: 2; pointer-events: none;
}

/* Polar ice caps */
.fg-poles {
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(ellipse 68% 15% at 50%   0%, rgba(224,242,254,0.60) 0%,transparent 100%),
        radial-gradient(ellipse 52% 10% at 50% 100%, rgba(224,242,254,0.45) 0%,transparent 100%);
    border-radius: 50%; z-index: 3; pointer-events: none;
}

/* Day/night terminator */
.fg-terminator {
    position: absolute; top: 0; right: -1px;
    width: 42%; height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, transparent, rgba(4,8,38,0.40));
    border-radius: 0 50% 50% 0;
    z-index: 4; pointer-events: none;
}

/* Specular gloss */
.fg-gloss {
    position: absolute; top: 4%; left: 7%;
    width: 44%; height: 48%;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 36% 30%,
        rgba(255,255,255,0.40) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.07) 48%, transparent 70%
    );
    border-radius: 50%; z-index: 5; pointer-events: none;
}

/* Red visitor dot */
.fg-dot {
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%; top: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 7px; height: 7px;
    background: #ef4444;
    border-radius: 50%;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(239,68,68,0.35), 0 0 10px rgba(239,68,68,0.70);
    z-index: 7;
    display: none;
    transition: top 0.6s ease;
}
.fg-dot::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; inset: -4px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1.5px solid rgba(239,68,68,0.50);
    animation: dot-ping 1.8s ease-out infinite;
}
@keyframes dot-ping {
    0%   { transform: scale(1);   opacity: 1; }
    100% { transform: scale(2.6); opacity: 0; }
}

/* Footer stats */
.footer-stats { text-align: left; }
.footer-visit-count {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
    line-height: 1.1;
}
.footer-visit-label {
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    margin-top: 2px;
}
.footer-visit-loc {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: #9ca3af;
    margin-top: 2px;
}

/* ── Publication Scroll Banner ───────────────────────────────── */
.pub-scroll-banner {
    margin-top: 70px;              /* clear fixed navbar */
    background: #0f172a;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
    height: 116px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
}

/* Left / right fade masks */
.pub-scroll-mask-left,
.pub-scroll-mask-right {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 80px;
    z-index: 2;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.pub-scroll-mask-left {
    left: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, #0f172a 40%, transparent);
}
.pub-scroll-mask-right {
    right: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to left, #0f172a 40%, transparent);
}

.pub-scroll-viewport {
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.pub-scroll-track {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 0 20px;
    animation: pub-marquee 35s linear infinite;
    will-change: transform;
}

.pub-scroll-track:hover {
    animation-play-state: paused;
}

@keyframes pub-marquee {
    0%   { transform: translateX(0); }
    100% { transform: translateX(-50%); }
}

.pub-scroll-item {
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 13px;
    width: 295px;
    padding: 10px 13px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.09);
    border-radius: 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.pub-scroll-item:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.09);
    border-color: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.55);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.pub-scroll-thumb {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.pub-scroll-thumb img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
}

.pub-scroll-thumb-grad {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 26px;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.pub-scroll-info {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

.pub-scroll-venue {
    font-size: 12.5px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    color: #818cf8;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.pub-scroll-title {
    font-size: 14.5px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.45;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* Responsive: hide banner on small screens */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .pub-scroll-banner { display: none; }
}

/* ── Page Body Content ───────────────────────────────────────── */
.intro-label {
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.intro-section {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding: 44px 48px 36px;
    border-radius: 14px;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.intro-hero-title {
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.intro-title-welcome {
    display: block;
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.intro-title-welcome::before,
.intro-title-welcome::after {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: middle;
    width: 32px;
    height: 1px;
    background: var(--border-color);
    margin: 0 14px;
}

.intro-title-main {
    display: block;
    font-size: 36px;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.intro-title-highlight {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    position: relative;
}

.intro-title-highlight::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 2px;
    width: 100%;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    opacity: 0.15;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.intro-text h2 {
    font-size: 30px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.intro-lead {
    font-size: 18px;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.intro-text p {
    font-size: 16px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.75;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.intro-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
    justify-content: center;
}

.intro-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 8px;
    display: block;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.content-divider {
    border: none;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    margin: 40px 0;
}

.news-section h2 {
    font-size: 26px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.news-list {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
}

.news-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 24px;
    padding: 20px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.news-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.news-date {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 52px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    background: #f0f2f5;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 8px 4px;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.news-month {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.news-day {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.news-year {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.news-content h4 {
    font-size: 17px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.news-content p {
    font-size: 15.5px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.65;
}


/* Utility Classes */
.text-center {
    text-align: center;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-menu {
        display: none;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 42px;
    }

    .hero .tagline {
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .hero-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .biosketch-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 32px;
    }

    .biosketch-image .image-placeholder {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 300px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .stats-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 24px;
    }

    .research-grid,
    .opensource-grid,
    .teaching-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .opensource-card[style*="display: flex"] {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .opensource-card-img,
    .opensource-card-img img {
        width: 100%;
        height: 180px;
    }

    .publication-item {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .pub-thumb {
        width: 100%;
        height: 160px;
    }

    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 40px;
    }

    .section {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }

    .section h2 {
        font-size: 34px;
    }

}